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== Sublimation process  ==
Process of printing images on the cards. At it the coloring substance of the stripe passes from solid to gaseous condition under influence of the high temperature of the thermal head of the printer. As a result the molecules of the plastic (PVC) are "opened" and the sublimation inks penetrate in them. After termination of the influence of the high temperature the molecules of the plastic are "closed", and in this way the image stays on the card. 


== Imprinter ==
A mechanical device for transfer of payment card details to paper

== EM4200 ==
EM4200 is a CMOS integrated circuit intended for use in
electronic Read Only RF transponders. The circuit is 
powered by an external coil placed in an
electromagnetic field and gets its master clock from the
same field. By turning on and off the modulation current,
the chip sends back the unique code contained in a factory
pre-programmed laser ROM.
The 128 bit unique code is stored in laser programmed
ROM. Several options are available to use 64, 96 or 128
bits of ROM
Features
- Full compatible with EM4100/4102 and EM4005/4105
communication protocols.
- 128 bit laser programmed ROM (64 and 96 bit option
available)
- Manchester 32 and 64 RF clocks per bit
- On-chip rectifier and voltage limiter
- No external supply buffer capacitor needed
- -40°C to +85°C temperature range
- Very low power consumption and High performances

== Vector Graphic ==
Unlike JPEGs, GIFs, and BMP images, vector graphics are not made up of a grid of pixels. Instead, vector graphics are comprised of paths, which are defined by a start and end point, along with other points, curves, and angles along the way. A path can be a line, a square, a triangle, or a curvy shape. These paths can be used to create simple drawings or complex diagrams. Paths are even used to define the characters of specific typefaces.
Because vector-based images are not made up of a specific number of dots, they can be scaled to a larger size and not lose any image quality. If you blow up a raster graphic, it will look blocky, or "pixelated." When you blow up a vector graphic, the edges of each object within the graphic stay smooth and clean. This makes vector graphics ideal for logos, which can be small enough to appear on a business card, but can also be scaled to fill a billboard. Common types of vector graphics include Adobe Illustrator, Macromedia Freehand, and EPS files. Many Flash animations also use vector graphics, since they scale better and typically take up less space than bitmap images.

== Raster graphic ==
Most images you see on your computer screen are raster graphics. Pictures found on the Web and photos you import from your digital camera are raster graphics. They are made up of grid of pixels, commonly referred to as a bitmap. The larger the image, the more disk space the image file will take up. For example, a 640 x 480 image requires information to be stored for 307,200 pixels, while a 3072 x 2048 image (from a 6.3 Megapixel digital camera) needs to store information for a whopping 6,291,456 pixels.
Since raster graphics need to store so much information, large bitmaps require large file sizes. Fortunately, there are several image compression algorithms that have been developed to help reduce these file sizes. JPEG and GIF are the most common compressed image formats on the Web, but several other types of image compression are available.
Raster graphics can typically be scaled down with no loss of quality, but enlarging a bitmap image causes it to look blocky and "pixelated." For this reason, vector graphics are often used for certain images, such as company logos, which need to be scaled to different sizes.